| ZENER |
Zener Diode
The Zener Diode models the DC characteristics of most zeners. This model differs from the Diode/Rectifier by providing a user-defined dynamic resistance in the reverse breakdown region. The forward characteristic is defined by only a single point, since most data sheets for zener diodes do not give detailed characteristics in the forward region.
The first three parameters define the DC characteristics of the zener in the breakdown region and are usually explicitly given on the data sheet.
The saturation current refers to the relatively constant reverse current that is produced when the voltage across the zener is negative, but breakdown has not been reached. The reverse leakage current determines the slight increase in reverse current as the voltage across the zener becomes more negative. It is modeled as a resistance parallel to the zener with value v_breakdown / i_rev.
Note that the limit_switch parameter engages an internal limiting function for the zener. This can, in some cases, prevent the simulator from converging to an unrealistic solution if the voltage across or current into the device is excessive. If use of this feature fails to yield acceptable results, the convlimit option should be tried.
| Description | Direction | Default Type | Allowed Types | Vector | Vector Bounds | Null Allowed |
| zener | INOUT | gd | gd | NO | NO |
| Name | Description | Data Type | Default Value | Limits | Vector | Vector Bounds | Null Allowed |
| v_breakdown | Breakdown voltage | Real | 1.0e-6 / 1.0e6; | NO | NO | ||
| i_breakdown | Breakdown current | Real | 2.0e-2 | 1.0e-9 / - | NO | YES | |
| r_breakdown | Breakdown resistance | Real | 1.0 | 1.0e-12 / - | NO | YES | |
| i_rev | Reverse current | Real | 1.0e-6 | 1.0e-9 / - | NO | YES | |
| i_sat | Saturation current | Real | 1.0e-12 | 1.0e-15 / - | NO | YES | |
| n_forward | Forward emission coefficient | Real | 1.0 | 0.1 / 10 | NO | YES | |
| limit_switch | switch for on-board limiting (convergence aid) | Boolean | FALSE | NO | YES |
a9 3 4 vreflO
.model vreflO zener(v_breakdown=10.0 i_breakdovn=0.02 r_breakdown=l.0 i_rev=le-6 i_sat=le-12)